[Jul 11, 2025] Dumps Collection CTFL_Syll_4.0 Test Engine Dumps Training With 202 Questions [Q49-Q71]

Q49. A test manager decided to skip static testing since he believes bugs can be found easily by doing dynamic testing. Was this decision right or wrong?

The decision was wrong. Ensuring quality mandates that static testing is performed after performing the dynamic testing.

The decision was right. Static testing is usually redundant if a product is planned to go through a full-cycle of dynamic testing.

The decision was right. Most of the bugs are easier to identify during the dynamic testing.

The decision was wrong. Static testing can find defects early in the development process, reducing the overall cost of testing and development

Q50. Which of the following statements about checklist-based testing is true?

Checklist-based testing is a technique for managing the review meeting that can be applied in those reviews where the use of checklists is mandatory, as is often the case in formal reviews

Checklist-based testing is a review technique that can be used in a formal review process where reviewers, during individual review, try to detect issues within the work product based on a checklist

In checklist-based testing, using checklists at a high level of detail is more likely to produce test cases that are easier to reproduce than those using checklists at a low level of detail

Checklists used in checklist-based testing should be reviewed periodically for updates as, over time, test cases designed using the same checklist may become less effective at finding defects

Q51. What type of testing measures its effectiveness by tracking which lines of code were executed by the tests?

Acceptance testing

Structural testing

Integration testing

Exploratory testing

Structural testing is a type of testing that measures its effectiveness by tracking which lines of code were executed by the tests. Structural testing, also known as white-box testing or glass-box testing, is based on the internal structure, design, or implementation of the software. Structural testing aims to verify that the software meets the specified quality attributes, such as performance, security, reliability, or maintainability, by exercising the code paths, branches, statements, conditions, or data flows. Structural testing uses various coverage metrics, such as function coverage, line coverage, branch coverage, or statement coverage, to determine how much of the code has been tested and to identify any untested or unreachable parts of the code. Structural testing can be applied at any level of testing, such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing, or acceptance testing, but it is more commonly used at lower levels, where the testers have access to the source code.
The other options are not correct because they are not types of testing that measure their effectiveness by tracking which lines of code were executed by the tests. Acceptance testing is a type of testing that verifies that the software meets the acceptance criteria and the user requirements. Acceptance testing is usually performed by the end-users or customers, who may not have access to the source code or the technical details of the software. Acceptance testing is more concerned with the functionality, usability, or suitability of the software, rather than its internal structure or implementation. Integration testing is a type of testing that verifies that the software components or subsystems work together as expected. Integration testing is usually performed by the developers or testers, who may use both structural and functional testing techniques to check the interfaces, interactions, or dependencies between the components or subsystems. Integration testing is more concerned with the integration logic, data flow, or communication of the software, rather than its individual lines of code. Exploratory testing is a type of testing that involves simultaneous learning, test design, and test execution. Exploratory testing is usually performed by the testers, who use their creativity, intuition, or experience to explore the software and discover any defects, risks, or opportunities for improvement. Exploratory testing is more concerned with the behavior, quality, or value of the software, rather than its internal structure or implementation. Reference = ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 syllabus, Chapter 4: Test Techniques, Section 4.3: Structural Testing Techniques, Pages 51-54; Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Testing, Section 1.4: Testing Throughout the Software Development Lifecycle, Pages 11-13; Chapter 3: Static Testing, Section 3.4: Exploratory Testing, Pages 40-41.

Q52. In a review, which of the following is the responsibility of the manager?

Organizing the logistics of the review meeting

Measuring the performance of each reviewer

Ensuring that sufficient time is available for review

Performing detailed review based on past experience

Q53. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about White-box testing?

White-box testing helps find defects because it focuses on defects rather than failures

White-box testing helps find defects because they can be used to measure statement coverage

White-box testing helps find defects because it provides for requirements based coverage

White-box testing helps find defects even when specifications are vague because it takes into account the code.

Q54. Which of the following answers describes a reason for adopting experience-based testing techniques?

Experience-based test techniques provide more systematic coverage criteria than black-box and white-box test techniques

Experience-based test techniques completely rely on the tester’s past experience for designing test cases

Experience-based test techniques allow designing test cases that are usually easier to reproduce than those designed with black-box and white-box test techniques

Experience-based test techniques tend to find defects that may be difficult to find with black-box and white-box test techniques and are often useful to complement these more systematic techniques

Q55. Which of the following examples represents System Integration testing?

Testing if e-commerce website works correctly with a third-party payment gateway

Testing the system based on specifications using simulator for a sub-system

Testing an application in development environment which is similar to the production environment

Testing an application’s behaviour to check if it fulfils business needs

Q56. You are testing a room upgrade system for a hotel. The system accepts three differed types of room (increasing order of luxury): Platinum. Silver and Gold Luxury. ONLY a Preferred Guest Card holder s eligible for an upgrade.
Below you can find the decision table defining the upgrade eligibility:

What is the expected result for each of the following test cases?
Customer A: Preference Guest Card holder, holding a Silver room
Customer B: Non Preferred Guest Card holder, holding a Platinum room

Customer A; doesn’t offer any upgrade; Customer B: offers upgrade to Gold luxury room

Customer A: doesn’t offer any upgrade; Customer B: doesn’t offer any upgrade.

Customer A: offers upgrade to Gold Luxury room; Customer B: doesn’t offer any upgrade

Customer A: offers upgrade to Silver room; Customer B: offers upgrade to Silver room.

Q57. Which ONE of the following statements would you expect to be the MOST DIRECT advantage of the whole- team approach?

Capitalizing on the combined skills of business representatives, testers, and developers working together to contribute to project success.

Reducing the involvement of business representatives because of enhanced communication and collaboration between testers and developers.

Avoiding requirements misunderstandings that may not have been detected until dynamic testing when they are more expensive to fix.

Having an automated build and test process, at least once a day, that detects integration errors early and quickly.

Q58. Which of the following statements about static testing and dynamic testing is true?

Unlike dynamic testing, which can be also performed manually, static testing cannot be performed without specialized tools

Static testing is usually much less cost-effective than dynamic testing

Unlike dynamic testing, which focuses on detecting potential defects, static testing focuses on detecting failures which may be due to actual defects

Both static testing and dynamic testing can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics

Q59. Which ONE of the following is a CORRECT example of the purpose of a test plan?

A test manager should always create a very simple test plan because the purpose of test plan is to ensure that there is documentation for the purpose of audits.

A testmanager decides to create a one page test plan for an agile project for communicating the broad activities and explaining why detailed test caseswillnot be written as mandated by the test policy.

A test plan is a good document to have for the agile projects because it helps the test manager assign tasks to different people

A test lead decides to write a detailed test plan so that in future, in case of project failure responsibilities could be assigned to the right person

Q60. An alphanumeric password must be between 4 and 7 characters long and must contain at least one numeric character, one capital (uppercase) letter and one lowercase letter of the alphabet.
Which one of the following sets of test cases represents the correct outcome of a two-value boundary value analysis applied to the password length? (Note: test cases are separated by a semicolon)

1xA;aB11;Pq1ZZab;7iDD0a1x

aB11;99rSp:5NnN10;7iDD0a1x

1xB: aB11: 99rSp: 5NnN10; 4NnN10T; 44ghWn19

1RhT;rSp53;3N3e10;8sBdby

Q61. Scenario 2 “Big Drop”:
A company”The Big Drop”providesbulk discounts and frequent customer discountsas follows:

How manypossible decision rulescan be extracted from this table?

5 decision rules

6 decision rules

32 decision rules

8 decision rules

Q62. Which of the following statements about checklist-based testing is true?

Checklist-based testing is a technique for managing the review meeting that can be applied in those reviews where the use of checklists is mandatory, as is often the case in formal reviews

Checklist-based testing is a review technique that can be used in a formal review process where reviewers, during individual review, try to detect issues within the work product based on a checklist

In checklist-based testing, using checklists at a high level of detail is more likely to produce test cases that are easier to reproduce than those using checklists at a low level of detail

Checklists used in checklist-based testing should be reviewed periodically for updates as, over time, test cases designed using the same checklist may become less effective at finding defects

Q63. Mark the correct sentences:
* Defects are a result of environmental conditions and are also referred to as “Failures”
* A human mistake may produce a defect
* A system mil totally fail to operate correctly when a failure exists in it
* When a defect exists in a system it may result in a failure
* Defects occur only as a result of technology changes

II, IV

I, II

IV, V

II, III, IV

The question is about marking the correct sentences among the given statements related to defects, failures, and mistakes. According to the ISTQB glossary, the definitions of these terms are1:
Defect: A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail to perform its required function, e.g. an incorrect statement or data definition. A defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component or system.
Failure: An event in which a component or system does not perform a required function within specified limits.
Mistake: A human action that produces an incorrect result.
Therefore, out of the five given statements, only two are correct, namely:
A human mistake may produce a defect: This is true, as a mistake is a source or cause of a defect, e.g. a programmer may make a mistake in writing a code statement, which results in a defect in the software component.
When a defect exists in a system it may result in a failure: This is true, as a defect is a potential or actual cause of a failure, e.g. a defect in the software component may cause the system to fail to perform a required function when the defect is encountered during execution.
The other three statements are incorrect, namely:
Defects are a result of environmental conditions and are also referred to as “Failures”: This is false, as defects are not a result of environmental conditions, but of mistakes or other factors, and defects are not the same as failures, but rather the causes of failures.
A system will totally fail to operate correctly when a failure exists in it: This is false, as a system may not necessarily fail completely or stop operating when a failure occurs, but may continue to operate with reduced functionality or performance, or with incorrect results.
Defects occur only as a result of technology changes: This is false, as defects can occur due to various reasons, not only technology changes, such as human mistakes, design flaws, requirement changes, hardware failures, etc.
Reference:
1: ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms 4.0, 2023, available at ISTQB) and ASTQB).

Q64. As a tester, as part of a V-model project, you are currently executing some tests aimed at verifying if a mobile app asks the user to grant the proper access permissions during the installation process and after the installation process. The requirements specification states that in both cases the app shall ask the user to grant access permissions only to the camera and photos stored on the device. However, you observe that the app also asks the user to grant access permission to all contacts on the device. Consider the following items:
[I]. Test environment
[II]. Expected result
[III]. Actual result
[IV]. Test level
[V]. Root cause
Based on only the given information, which of the items listed above, are you able to correctly specify in a defect report?

[I]and [IV]

[II]and [III]

[II]. [Ill] and [V]

[I]. [IV] and [V]

Q65. Which of the following statements is true?

Functional testing focuses on what the system should do while non-functional testing on the internal structure of the system

Non-functional testing includes testing of both technical and non-technical quality characteristics

Testers who perform functional tests are generally expected to have more technical skills than testers who perform non-functional tests

The test techniques that can be used to design white-box tests are described in the ISO/IEC 25010 standard

Q66. The acceptance criteria associated with a user story:

are often written in a rule-oriented format using the template referred to as “Given/When/Then”

are often documented following in rule-oriented format using the following template: “As a [role], I want [feature], so that I can [benefit]”

can be written in different formats and represent an aspect of a user story referred to as confirmation’ of the so called “3 C’s”

must be written in one of the two following formats: scenario-oriented or rule-oriented

Q67. In a two-hour uninterrupted test session, performed as part of an iteration on an Agile project, a heuristic checklist was used to help the tester focus on some specific usability issues of a web application.
The unscripted tests produced by the tester’s experience during such session belong to which one of the following testing quadrants?

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Explanation
The unscripted tests produced by the tester’s experience during the two-hour test session belong to the testing quadrant Q3. The testing quadrants are a classification of testing types based on two dimensions: the test objectives (whether the testing is focused on supporting the team or critiquing the product) and the test basis (whether the testing is based on the technology or the business). The testing quadrants are labeled as Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, and each quadrant represents a different testing perspective, such as unit testing, acceptance testing, usability testing, or performance testing. The testing quadrant Q3 corresponds to the testing types that have the objective of critiquing the product from the business perspective, such as exploratory testing, usability testing, user acceptance testing, alpha testing, beta testing, etc. The unscripted tests performed by the tester in the given scenario are examples of exploratory testing and usability testing, as they are based on the tester’s experience, intuition, and learning of the web application, and they focus on some specific usabilityissues, such as the user interface, the user satisfaction, the user feedback, etc. The other options are incorrect, because:
The testing quadrant Q1 corresponds to the testing types that have the objective of supporting the team from the technology perspective, such as unit testing, component testing, integration testing, system testing, etc. These testing types are usually performed by developers or testers who have access to the source code, the design, the architecture, or the configuration of the software system, and they aim to verify the functionality, the quality, and the reliability of the software system at different levels of integration.
The testing quadrant Q2 corresponds to the testing types that have the objective of supporting the team from the business perspective, such as functional testing, acceptance testing, story testing, scenario testing, etc. These testing types are usually performed by testers or customers who have access to the requirements, the specifications, the user stories, or the business processes of the software system, and they aim to validate that the software system meets the expectations and the needs of the users and the stakeholders.
The testing quadrant Q4 corresponds to the testing types that have the objective of critiquing the product from the technology perspective, such as performance testing, security testing, reliability testing, compatibility testing, etc. These testing types are usually performed by testers or specialists who have access to the tools, the metrics, the standards, or the benchmarks of the software system, and they aim to evaluate the non-functional aspects of the software system, such as the efficiency, the security, the reliability, or the compatibility of the software system under different conditions or environments.
References: ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level (CTFL) v4.0 sources and documents:
ISTQB Certified Tester Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Chapter 1.3.1, Testing in Software Development Lifecycles ISTQB Glossary of Testing Terms v4.0, Testing Quadrant, Exploratory Testing, Usability Testing, Unit Testing, Component Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Functional Testing, Acceptance Testing, Story Testing, Scenario Testing, Performance Testing, Security Testing, Reliability Testing, Compatibility Testing

Q68. Which of the following types of tools is best suited for determining source code compliance with the guidelines provided by a coding standard?

Containerization tool

Fault seeding tool

Static analysis tool

Test data preparation tool

Q69. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about error guessing?

While reviewing the test cases, testers have to make guess about the kind of mistakes test cases might contain

Error guessing doesn’t make use of past failures as past failures are not indicators of correct defects

Fault attacks are an example of a technique for implementing error guessing.

Error guessing depends on the developers guessing what mistakes testers might make and miss the possible defects

Q70. Which ONE of the following roles is responsible for mediating, managing time, and generating a safe review environment in which everyone can speak freely?

Manager

Reviewer

Review leader

Moderator

Q71. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about White-box testing?

White-box testing helps find defects because they can be used to measure statement coverage

White-box testing helps find defects even when specifications are vague because it takes into account the code.

White-box testing helps find defects because it provides for requirements based coverage

White-box testing helps find defects because it focuses on defects rather than failures